Surgical robotics, the result of the combined efforts of engineers, computer scientists,
entrepreneurs, and surgeons, has enabled the surgeon to execute precise technical …

The field of robot-assisted surgery is in its infancy and indications for its use in urologic
surgery are expanding. There is a rich tradition in urology of using advanced technology to …

Although the available minimally invasive surgical techniques (ie, laparoscopy) have clear
advantages, these procedures continue to cause problems for patients. Surgical tools are …

Urology has continuously embraced novel technologies like laparoscopy that reduce patient
morbidity yet maintain an excellent standard of care. Because of limitations on …

Despite its relative infancy, laparoscopic surgery has radically transformed the landscape of
operative urology. The advent of surgical robotics at the turn of the new millennium heralded …

During the last two decades the field of urology has seen a tremendous growth in minimally
invasive surgery. Potential advantages with this shift toward laparoscopic surgery include …

The introduction of robotic technology and its increasing acceptance in urology have helped
surgeons overcome many technical barriers to complex laparoscopic procedures. While …

Surgery has evolved from the 19th century through the introduction of ether anesthesia,
principles of antisepsis, and the formalization of surgical training. 1 In the late 20th century …

Rapid technological developments in the past two decades have produced new inventions
such as robots and incorporated them into our daily lives. Today, robots perform vital …

Surgical robots have begun to appear on the market in the last few years and have started to
populate the operating rooms in large medical centers. These systems have already …