VITAMIN A and its biologically active derivatives, retinal and retinoic acid (RA), are essential
for the health and survival of the individual. These natural compounds, together with a large …

Retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα)‐deficient mice are sterile, with abnormalities in the
progression of spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether …

Context: In human, the chronology of the testicular development has been extensively
studied, but the factors implicated in the onset and the regulation of gametogenesis and …

Gametes are generated through a specialized cell differentiation process, meiosis, which, in
ovaries of most mammals, is initiated during fetal life. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is …

We show that mice expressing retinoid X receptor β (RXRβ) impaired in its transcriptional
activation function AF‐2 (Rxrb af20 mutation) do not display the spermatid release defects …

Retinoids, the active metabolites of vitamin A, regulate complex gene networks involved in
vertebrate morphogenesis, growth, cellular differentiation and homeostasis. Studies …

Only one of the three-retinoic acid receptors, RARβ, is frequently deleted or epigenetically
silenced at early stages in tumor progression and there is compelling evidence that RARβ …

The role of retinoic acid receptors (RAR) in retinoid-induced teratogenesis is mainly
unknown. The aim of the present studies was to demonstrate the effect of a RARα antagonist …

Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) α, β, and γ contain retinoic acid response elements (RAREs)
in their promoter regions and respond to their own activation, thus forming an autoregulatory …

All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) regulates epithelial differentiation and growth through activation
of specific nuclear RA receptors (RARs). Because high-rate metabolism largely impairs the …