Purpose Endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (ESPAL) and endovascular arterial
embolization (EAE) are increasingly common treatment options for patients with refractory …

Importance Intractable epistaxis is a common otolaryngology emergency. Transnasal
endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (TESPAL) and endovascular arterial embolization …

Objectives Trans‐nasal endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (TESPAL) and
endovascular arterial embolisation both provide excellent success rates for intractable …

Background: Endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (ESPAL) is the intervention of
choice for refractory epistaxis in specialist ear, nose and throat (ENT) units and should be …

Background Transnasal endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (TESPAL) and selective
embolization both provide excellent treatment success rate in the management of intractable …

Epistaxis is a common emergency seen by the otolaryngologist. A minority of cases require
surgical intervention. Multiple surgical procedures have been tried in the past, including …

Background The aim of this study was to compare the economic impact of controlling
posterior epistaxis by transnasal endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (TESPAL) and …

Objective We compare the management of patients with severe epistaxis before and after
the implementation a clinical care pathway (CCP) to standardize care, minimize hospital …

Objective To optimize the outcome of transnasal endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation
(TESPAL) by determining the key surgical steps and applying them accordingly. Methods …

Materials and methods Using the NHS Healthcare Resource Group codes, cases were
identified from January 2006 to December 2010 in a University Teaching Hospital that …