Sulfur mustard (SM) is highly toxic to the lung inducing both acute and chronic effects
including upper and lower obstructive disease, airway inflammation, and acute respiratory …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a potent alkylating agent that targets several organs, especially lung
tissue. Although pathological effects of SM have been widely considered, molecular and …

Sulfur mustard (SM) inhalation causes debilitating pulmonary injury in humans which
progresses to fibrosis. Herein, we developed a rat model of SM toxicity which parallels …

Sulfur mustard (SM)-induced lung injury has been associated with protease activation,
oxidative injury and inflammatory response culminating in tissue necrosis. The protease …

Most mortality and morbidity following exposure to vesicants such as sulfur mustard is due to
pulmonary toxicity. Acute injury is characterized by epithelial detachment and necrosis in the …

Inhalation of sulfur mustard (SM), a bifunctional alkylating agent that causes severe lung
damage, is a significant threat to both military and civilian populations. The mechanisms …

We have shown that sulfur mustard (SM; bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide), an alkylating, vesicating
chemical warfare agent, causes dermal toxicity, including skin microblisters, via the …

Sulfur mustard (SM), a potent chemical weapon agent, was used by Iraqi forces against
Iranian in the Iraq–Iran war (1981–1989). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical threat agent for which its effects have no current treatment.
Due to the ease of synthesis and dispersal of this material, the need to develop therapeutics …

Sulfur mustard (SM) and nitrogen mustard (NM) are cytotoxic alkylating agents that cause
severe and progressive injury to the respiratory tract, resulting in significant morbidity and …