M ajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious, often chronic, and disabling condition that is
common across cultures and age groups. 1 The mean lifetime prevalence of MDD is …

Introduction: Few studies have examined the clinical, neuropsychological and
pharmacological factors involved in the functional outcome of bipolar disorder despite the …

Reviews studies presenting evidence for both structural pathology and cognitive impairment
or changes over time in some bipolar disorder patients. Persistent cognitive deficits in …

Introduction: Recent studies have suggested that the presence of persistent cognitive
dysfunctions in bipolar patients is not restricted to acute episodes, but they persist even …

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment has been commonly found in euthymic patients with
bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Information about onset and course of cognitive deficits is …

Objectives Cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder has been well‐established in cross‐
sectional studies; however, there are few data regarding the longitudinal course of cognitive …

Background During the last decades, there have been many different opinions concerning
the neurocognitive function in Bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of the current study was to …

This is a report arising from an ECNP expert meeting. Recent studies have focussed on
cognitive problems in manic-depressive illness and a few have addressed premorbid …

Objective: Cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder may be a stable characteristic of the
illness, although discrepancies have emerged with regard to what dysfunctions remain …

Objective: Little is known regarding the impact of psychotic symptoms on the cognitive
functioning of bipolar patients. Findings from previous reports are controversial and mainly …