1. Rainbow trout were placed in solutions of ammonium chloride containing 0, 1, 3, 5 and 8
μg total ammonia/ml. After 24-hr exposure the mean blood levels for total ammonia showed …

Leopard frog (Rana pipiens), green frog (Rana clamitans), and American toad (Bufo
americanus) embryos were exposed to different un‐ionized ammonia (NH3) levels over an …

Abstract Recently, a “Na+/NH 4+ exchange complex” model has been proposed for
ammonia excretion in freshwater fish. The model suggests that ammonia transport occurs …

This study aimed to examine the hypothesis that intestinal glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH)
and glutamine synthetase (GS) could be involved in ammonia detoxification in the …

Ammonia is both a respiratory gas and a toxicant in teleost fish. Hyperventilation is a well-
known response to elevations of both external and internal ammonia levels. Branchial …

Elevated environmental ammonia leads to respiratory disorders and metabolic dysfunction
in most fish species, and the majority of research has concentrated on fish behavior and gill …

For the first time in a marine teleost (the long-horned sculpin; Myoxocephalus
octodecimspinosus), the maintenance of blood pH,,[HCO3−] and the net movements of …

The objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of acute ammonia toxicity in the
aquatic Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, and to examine how this turtle …

SUMMARY A previous study provided evidence that the adaptive strategy used by the
teleost fish Bostrichthys sinensis (sleeper) for detoxifying ammonia during extended periods …

Ammonia nitrogen has been a potential menace to aquatic animals along the coastline of
China. Presently, the toxicological effects of ammonia nitrogen were mainly concentrated on …