Community-acquired pneumonia is the most common type of pneumonia and remains a
leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although many different pathogens can …

Although alteration in host cellular translation machinery occurs in virus-infected cells, the
role of such alteration and the precise pathogenic processes are not well understood …

Influenza virus infections particularly when followed by bacterial superinfections (BSI) result
in significant morbidities and mortalities especially during influenza pandemics. Type I …

Viral infection triggers induction of type I interferons (IFNs), which are critical mediators of
innate antiviral immune response. Mediator of IRF3 activation (MITA, also called STING) is …

Many pathogens deliver virulence factors or effectors into host cells in order to evade host
defenses and establish infection. Although such effector proteins disrupt critical cellular …

Receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is an essential serine/threonine kinase for
necroptosis, a type of regulated necrosis. A variety of stimuli can cause RIPK3 activation …

Regulation of the profile and magnitude of toll-like receptor (TLR) responses is important for
effective host defense against infections while minimizing inflammatory toxicity. The …

The primary function of the immune system is to protect the host from invading pathogens. In
response, microbial pathogens have developed various strategies to evade detection and …

Influenza virus is a common cause of respiratory infection and morbidity, which is often due
to deleterious host immune responses directed against the pathogen. We investigated the …

Receptor‐interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3/RIPK3) is a multifunctional regulator of cell
death and inflammation. It controls signalling downstream of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) …