Noninvasive neuromodulation, including repetitive trans-cranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
and direct current stimulation (tDCS), provides researchers and health care professionals …

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) methods, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation
(TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), represent an important array of tools for …

Introduction: Neuromodulation is an important group of therapeutic modalities for
neuropsychiatric disorders. Prior studies have focused on efficacy and adverse events …

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is currently an invasive procedure that requires accessing
the left vagus nerve (the right vagus nerve is not used, because of its parasympathetic …

Most patients suffering from psychiatric disorders respond to combinations of psycho-and
psychopharmacotherapy; however there are patients who profit little if anything even after …

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective acute treatment for a major depressive
episode. However, some patients do not achieve symptomatic remission with ECT, many …

Objective: Treatment of different depression symptoms may require different brain
stimulation targets with different underlying brain circuits. The authors sought to identify such …

Negative symptoms, eg social withdrawal, reduced initiative, anhedonia and affective
flattening, are notoriously difficult to treat. In this review, we take stock of recent research into …

There is a plethora of current and emerging antidepressant therapies in the psychiatric
armamentarium for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Noninvasive …

Background Our objective is to review emerging technologies intended for the treatment of
depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods These technologies include …