Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase that
has been implicated in both psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases including …

Historically, success in the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder has arisen either
from serendipitous findings or from studies with drugs (antipsychotics and anticonvulsants) …

Background: Mounting evidence suggests that bipolar disorder symptoms could be
favorably influenced by modification of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity …

Editorial evidence that the GSK-3 inhibitor SB216763 produced any rapid antidepressant
effects in the mouse chronic-mild stress model [13], unlike ketamine, suggesting that …

A growing body of literature has demonstrated the potential for ketamine in the treatment of
major depression. Sub-anesthetic doses produce rapid and sustained changes in …

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) has recently been linked to mood disorders and
schizophrenia, and the neurotransmitter systems and therapeutic treatments associated with …

Despite many decades of clinical use, the therapeutic target of lithium remains uncertain. It is
recognized that therapeutic concentrations of lithium, through competition with the similarly …

There exists an immediate need to develop novel medications for the treatment of mood
disorders such as bipolar disorder and depression. Initial interest in glycogen synthase …

The mood stabilizer lithium, the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder, is hypothesized to
exert its effects through direct inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and indirectly …

Lithium is the most effective and well established treatment for bipolar disorder, and it has a
broad array of effects within cellular pathways. However, the specific processes through …