Some defense mechanisms of plants are of the passive type while others are induced after
perception of the pathogenic microorganism (very specific gene-for-gene recognition) or of …

Upon interaction with pathogenic Pseudomonads or symbiotic Rhizobia, or after wounding
by abrasion or insects, the plant reacts in superficially different ways, leading to either a …

Covering: up to April 2012 In plants, successful defense relies on fast and specific response
to biotic attack. In plant–microbial and plant–plant interactions several elicitors, effectors and …

Abiotic stresses, such as low or high temperature, deficient or excessive water, high salinity,
heavy metals, and ultraviolet radiation, are hostile to plant growth and development, leading …

Environmental stresses such as drought, heat, and salinity limit plant development and
agricultural productivity. While individual stresses have been studied extensively, much less …

Highlights•Transcriptional reprogramming relies on varied transcription factors and
regulators.•Nuclear functions of plant immune receptors are crucial during defence …

Climate change-associated environmental vagaries have amplified the incidence of pests
and pathogens on plants, thus imparting the increased quest for management strategies …

Plants have evolved an array of defense mechanisms to protect themselves against the wide
variety of pathogens and pests with which they are confronted. Included in these defense …

Plants respond to pathogen infection by activating signaling pathways leading to the
accumulation of proteins with diverse roles in defense. Here, we addressed the functional …

To comprehensively understand the major processes in plant biology, it is necessary to
study a diverse set of species that represent the complexity of plants. This research will help …