Using chronically implanted suction electrodes (Fig. 2), records were obtained from the tonic
abdominal flexor motor neurons of crayfish while they were undergoing various self …

Since their description by Alexandrowicz ('51) the dorsal abdominal stretch receptor organs
of decapod crustaceans have provided unusual opportunities for the investigation of such …

A new class of crustacean mechanoreceptors is described. Their bipolar or tripolar somata
are located in the proximal region of the first and second ganglionic roots in each abdominal …

1. Complete deafferentation and isolation from the rest of the central nervous system does
not prevent the appearance of rhythmic, coordinated motor discharges in the first roots of the …

A large number of substances including amines, amino acids, and peptides have been
assigned neurotransmitter roles in both vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems …

Nerve fibers which respond to illumination of the sixth abdominal ganglion were isolated by
fine dissection from connectives at different levels in the abdominal nerve cord of the …

1. Interneurons activated by mechanosensory hairs on the crayfish telson respond
selectively to directional displacements of the medium; the directions of maximum sensitivity …

Behavior systems are particular organizations of cognitive structures that are called behavior
mechanisms: perceptual, central, and motor. Thus, behavior systems are defined here in …

The optic system of higher decapods usually consists of four peripheral optic ganglia
(contained in the eyestalk), which are connected to the supraesophageal ganglion (or brain) …

Although prominence has been given to genes in much biological writing about
development, gene expression is such that simple deterministic and additive arguments …