Background The traditional approach to head and neck reconstruction is considered
challenging, requiring a subjective assessment of an often-complex defect followed by …

Objectives Virtual surgical planning (VSP) uses patient-specific modelling of the facial
skeleton to provide a tailored surgical plan which may increase accuracy and reduce …

Background The fibula free flap (FFF) remains the criterion standard for complex mandibular
reconstruction. Surgeons have incorporated virtual surgical planning (VSP) into the …

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of virtual planning using
customized surgical devices (VP3D) in fibula free flap mandibular reconstruction. Methods …

Background Virtual surgical planning (VSP) has contributed to a number of technical
innovations in mandible reconstruction. We report on these innovations and the overall …

Purpose The free osteomyocutaneous fibular flap has become one of the primary options for
mandibular reconstruction, because of the later introduction and development of virtual …

Virtual surgical planning (VSP) promises higher accuracy, efficiency, and superior patient
outcomes, helping normalize outcomes from surgeons of different experience levels. A …

Introduction Virtual planning and guided surgery (VPGS) has been recently developed for
mandibular reconstruction, but benefit remains to be assessed. The aim of this study was to …

Background Virtual surgical planning (VSP), computer aided design/computer aided
modeling, and 3-dimensional printing technology have been shown to improve surgical …

Purpose Virtual surgical planning (VSP) can promote efficiency, but the ability to transfer the
proposed plan to the actual result has not been adequately studied. The purpose of this …