Recent studies have demonstrated that diabetes impairs the phosphatidylinositol 3-
kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway, while insulin resistance syndrome has been associated with …

Increased circulating free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations have been demonstrated to
potentially link obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. Astragaloside IV (AS …

Silybin, the major flavonoid of Silybum marianum, is widely used to treat liver diseases such
as hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis‐associated insulin resistance. Research so far …

Background: Salvianolic acid A (Sal A), a natural polyphenol compound extracted from
Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (known as Danshen in China), possesses a variety of potential …

Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG) contributes to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and
mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular …

Glucose homeostasis is determined by insulin secretion from the ß-cells in pancreatic islets
and by glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and other insulin target tissues. While glutamate …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in the progression of mitochondria-
related diseases. A novel insulin sensitizer drug candidate, BGP-15, has been shown to …

Catalpol, an iridoid glucoside, is widely distributed in many plant families and is primarily
obtained from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. Rehmannia glutinosa is a plant very …

Objective Insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic
cardiomyopathy. Berberine (BBR) is a plant alkaloid which promotes hypoglycemia via …

Background/Aims: Pterostilbene (PT) exerts antidiabetic effects by decreasing blood glucose
and modulating lipid metabolism and has been shown to attenuate myocardial ischemia …