Background/Aim: Despite great effort to elucidate the process of acquired gefitinib resistance
(AGR) in order to develop successful chemotherapy, the precise mechanisms and genetic …

KRAS-activation mutations occur in 25% to 40% of lung adenocarcinomas and are a known
mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRI) resistance. There are …

Recent progress in clinical development of KRAS inhibitors has raised interest in predicting
the tumor dependency on frequently mutated RAS-pathway oncogenes. However, even …

Background Transforming patient-specific molecular data into clinical decisions is
fundamental to personalized medicine. Despite massive advancements in cancer genomics …

Abstract Objectives Mutations in STK11 (STK11 MUT) and KEAP1 (KEAP1 MUT) occur
frequently in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are often co-mutated with KRAS …

Genetic heterogeneity in tumors can show a remarkable selectivity when two or more
independent genetic events occur in the same gene. This phenomenon, called composite …

Background: The mutated BRAF V600E protein has been specifically detected in papillary
thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) using immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. The clonal origin of …

Background The KRAS gene is mutated in approximately 22% of all tumors. This study
aimed to investigate the distribution and frequency of concurrent alterations in different …

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer with a 5‐year survival rate of less than
10%. It is caused by alterations of multiple signal pathways which are affected by both …

Despite the development of drugs inhibiting the oncogenic proteins that cancer cells are
dependent on, attempts to match targeted therapies to the genetic makeup of individual …