Background: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was implicated in the
pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: We evaluated neurosonography (NS) …

This paper hypothesizes that a stenosis or obstruction at a lower extremity of an internal
jugular vein (IJV) would, in accordance with the physics of fluid dynamics, cause a standing …

Background: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was proposed as the
causal trigger for developing multiple sclerosis (MS). However, current data are …

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by demyelination centered around
cerebral veins. Recent studies suggested this topographic pattern may be caused by venous …

About 10 years ago, the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency syndrome was
discovered. This clinical entity, which is associated with extracranial venous abnormalities …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system
(CNS) that results in damage to myelin and, to a lesser extent, axons in the brain, spinal …

Objectives To investigate the differences between multiple sclerosis (MS) and control
subjects by using extracranial venous grey-scale, colour and spectral Doppler ultrasound …

The recent suggestion that chronic cerebral venous outflow insufficiency may relate to
multiple sclerosis (MS) 1 has placed neurointerventionists at the center of a very 'hot'debate …

Background Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) has been associated with
multiple sclerosis (MS) with a risk ranging from as high as two-hundred-fold to a protective …

Purpose: To determine whether a correlation exists between chronic cerebrospinal venous
insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials and Methods: A meta-analysis …