Methods for culturing mammalian cells ex vivo are increasingly needed to study cell and
tissue physiology and to grow replacement tissue for regenerative medicine. Two …

Hydrogels have become one of the most popular platforms for three-dimensional (3D)
cultivation of mammalian cells. The enormous versatility of hydrogel materials makes it …

Recent studies have reported that three‐dimensionally cultured cells have more
physiologically relevant functions than two‐dimensionally cultured cells. Cells are three …

Extensive efforts have been made to understand the effects of extracellular
microenvironments on phenotypic activities for a wide array of stem, progenitor, and …

The superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized
by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and …

The 3D encapsulation of cells within hydrogels represents an increasingly important and
popular technique for culturing cells and towards the development of constructs for tissue …

3-dimensional (3D) in vitro models were developed in order to mimic the complexity of real
organ/tissue in a dish. They offer new possibilities to model biological processes in more …

Cell culturing, whether for tissue engineering or cell biology studies, always involves placing
cells in a non‐natural environment and no material currently exist that can mimic the entire …

Conspectus Conventional cell culture techniques using 2D polystyrene or glass have
provided great insight into key biochemical mechanisms responsible for cellular events such …

In recent years, advances in fabrication technologies have brought a new dimension to the
field of tissue engineering. Using manufacturing-based methods and hydrogel chemistries …