Following a primary immune response, a portion of effector T cells gives rise to long-lived
memory cells. Although primary expansion and differentiation of effector CD8 T cells is …

Infection with Listeria monocytogenes elicits expansion in numbers of Ag-specific CD8+ T
cells, which then undergo programmed contraction. The remaining cells undergo further …

Factors that influence T cell responses, such as Ag load, APCs, costimulatory molecules,
and cytokines, dramatically change during the course of an immune response. We observed …

The T cell response to infection consists of clonal expansion of effector cells, followed by
contraction to memory levels. It was previously thought that the duration of infection …

The factors determining whether an immune response is productive are poorly understood.
To understand the circumstances affecting the early stage of the immune response which …

In this study, we investigated whether B cells play a role in the induction and maintenance of
CD8 T cell memory after immunization with an intracellular bacterium, Listeria …

The role of CD4 T cells in providing help to CD8 T cells in primary and secondary responses
to infection remains controversial. Using recombinant strains of virus and bacteria …

We have investigated the contribution of CD4 T cells to the optimal priming of functionally
robust memory CD8 T cell subsets. Intranasal infection of CD4 T cell-deficient (CD4−/−) mice …

Immunological memory provides rapid protection to pathogens previously encountered
through infection or vaccination. CD 4 T‐cells play a central role in all adaptive immune …

In the course of an immune response to an infectious microbe, pathogen-specific naïve
CD4+ T cells proliferate extensively and differentiate into effector cells. Most of these cells …