Professional APCs of hemopoietic-origin prime pathogen-specific naive CD8 T cells. The
primed CD8 T cells can encounter Ag on infected nonhemopoietic cell types. Whether these …

A small fraction of the CD8 T cell effector population that responds to an infection progresses
through the contraction phase to the memory stage. The factors regulating the extent of …

Memory CD8 T cells acquire effector memory cell properties after reinfection and may reach
terminally differentiated, senescent states (“Hayflick limit”) after multiple infections. The …

Determining the magnitude and kinetics, together with the phenotypic and functional
characteristics of responding CD8 T cells, is critical for understanding the regulation of …

Understanding the factors contributing to the generation of immune memory is important for
rational vaccine design. In this study, we addressed the individual and combined roles of Ag …

T cell memory is a cornerstone of protective immunity, and is the key element in successful
vaccination. Upon encountering the relevant pathogen, memory T cells are thought to initiate …

Memory T cells can persist for extended periods in the absence of antigen, and long-term T
cell immunity is often seen after acute infections. Paradoxically, there have been …

Numerous microbes establish persistent infections, accompanied by antigen-specific CD8 T
cell activation. Pathogen-specific T cells in chronically infected hosts are often …

During an infection, T cells can differentiate into multiple types of effector and memory T
cells, which help to mediate pathogen clearance and provide long-term protective immunity …

Interferon (IFN)-γ plays an important role in the innate immune response against intracellular
bacterial pathogens. It is commonly thought that natural killer cells are the primary source of …