The effects of chronic alcohol ingestion are quantitatively related to intake, but little
information is available on the topic. In Part A of this review, intake-effect relationships are …

The data on two questions are reviewed: does heavy alcohol intake increase the risk of
coronary heart disease (CHD)? And, is moderate intake protective? Identified alcoholics and …

The metabolic effects of ethanol are due to a direct action of ethanol or its metabolites,
changes in the redox state occurring during its metabolism, and modifications of the effects …

The ingestion of one or two alcoholic drinks can affect heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac
output, myocardial contractility, and regional blood flow. These actions generally are not …

Professor Shaper has provided an extensive review of the alcohol-coronary heart disease
(CHD) question'and we agree on two major points:(1) prospective studies consistently show …

The association between moderate alcohol use and coronary artery disease is the subject of
a growing body of literature. This review examines the relation between moderate alcohol …

Numerous studies have used a J-shaped or U-shaped curve to describe the relationship
between alcohol use and total mortality. The nadir of the curves based on recent meta …

The effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system have long been studied but some recent
reports have caused considerable concern about its possible role in various cardiovascular …

The risks of excessive alcohol intake are well known, and heavy drinkers should decrease
their intake or stop drinking. On the other hand, in comparison with non‐drinkers, moderate …

In view of the developments in health care relating to the increased prevalence and
incidence of chronic diseases and the continuing increase in health-care expenditure, more …