T-cell exhaustion is a progressive loss of effector function and memory potential due to
persistent antigen exposure, which occurs in chronic viral infections and cancer. Here we …

CD8+ T cell exhaustion is a stable dysfunctional state driven by chronic antigen stimulation
in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Differentiation of exhausted CD8+ T cells (CD8+ …

The failure of a massive influx of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes to eradicate tumor cells in
the tumor microenvironment is mainly due to the dysfunction of T cells hyporesponsive to …

In cancer, T cells become dysfunctional owing to persistent antigen exposure. Dysfunctional
T cells are characterized by reduced proliferative capacity, decreased effector function, and …

T cells follow a triphasic distinct pathway of activation, proliferation and differentiation before
becoming functionally and phenotypically “exhausted” in settings of chronic infection …

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are referred to as highly disabling chronic
diseases affecting different organs and systems. Inappropriate or excessive immune …

Ever since T cell exhaustion was initially characterized and thoroughly analyzed in the
murine LCMV model, such a functional impairment has been validated in other chronic viral …

Prolonged exposure of CD8+ T cells to their cognate antigen can result in exhaustion of
effector functions enabling the persistence of infected or transformed cells. Recent advances …

Abstract 'T cell exhaustion'is a broad term that has been used to describe the response of T
cells to chronic antigen stimulation, first in the setting of chronic viral infection but more …

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer in recent years and achieved
overall success and long‐term clinical benefit in patients with a wide variety of cancer types …