The lack of knowledge about the earliest events in disease development is due to the multi-
factorial nature of disease risk. This information gap is the consequence of the lack of …

Background The outcomes of exposure to neurotoxic chemicals early in life depend on the
properties of both the chemical and the host's environment. When our questions focus on the …

The ability of environmental exposures to induce phenotypic change across multiple
generations of offspring has gathered an enormous amount of interest in recent years. There …

Epigenetic pathways are essential in different biological processes and in phenotype-
environment interactions in response to different stressors and they can induce phenotypic …

Longitudinal studies in humans demonstrate the association between prenatal and
postnatal experiences of adversity and long-term changes in neurodevelopment. These …

Environmental epigenetics has an important role in regulating phenotype formation or
disease etiology. The ability of environmental factors and exposures early in life to alter …

Animal models of early-life stress and variation in social experience across the lifespan have
contributed significantly to our understanding of the environmental regulation of the …

Background: In utero exposure of the fetus to a stressor can lead to disease in later life.
Epigenetic mechanisms are likely mediators of later-life expression of early-life events …

Objective Health or disease is shaped for all individuals by interactions between their genes
and environment. Exactly how the environment changes gene expression and how this can …

Over the past two decades, the applications of genetic and genomic technologies have
begun to transform research questions and practices within epidemiology and toxicology …