Purpose To present an overview of contemporary methods and metrics used to measure
near vision, intermediate vision, and accommodation. Methods A search in PubMed was …

Purpose This study reports contrast sensitivity (CS) reference values obtained by two
different test methods in a strictly selected population of healthy, young adults with normal …

Methods Pupil diameter and wavefront aberrometry were obtained in 15 eyes when stimulus
swept across the range of clear vision in steps of 0.5 diopters. Wavefront refraction …

Importance There is a need for more sensitive measures of disease in intermediate age-
related macular degeneration (AMD) to evaluate novel interventions more effectively and …

Photometry for brightness at any level including mesopic vision is described on the basis of
the work conducted towards the development of a Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage …

Purpose To prospectively examine whether using the visual image quality metric, visual
Strehl (VSX), to optimise objective refraction from wavefront error measurements can …

In order to establish the luminous-efficiency function for mesopic vision of the standard
observer, luminous efficiency functions were measured with the direct heterochromatic …

Purpose: The Pelli-Robson (PR) chart is widely used to measure clinical contrast sensitivity
(CS). It is generally believed that PR testing distance is not critical. Here, we examine …

Background Elderly persons applying for driving licence frequently are not able to fulfil the
recommendations given by DOG and relating to twilight vision without and with glare. One …

Purpose. Because previous studies have reported conflicting evidence, we examined a
possible difference in stereoacuity between distance and near, in particular using a random …