Introduction Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at heightened cardiovascular
risk, which has been associated with abnormalities of bone and mineral metabolism. A …

There is an intimate association between mineral and bone disorders in chronic kidney
disease (CKD) and the extensive burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this population …

Convincing epidemiological data have repeatedly shown that increased phosphate levels
as well as generous phosphate intakes are associated with unfavourable outcome both in …

Hyperphosphataemia is a clinical consequence of the advanced stages of chronic kidney
disease (CKD). Considerable evidence points to a role of hyperphosphataemia in the …

Phosphate is essential for life but its accumulation can be detrimental. In end-stage renal
disease, widespread vascular calcification occurs as a result of chronic phosphate load. The …

Background Hyperphosphatemia is associated with increased fibroblast growth factor 23
(FGF23), arterial calcification, and cardiovascular mortality. Effects of phosphate-lowering …

Hyperphosphatemia is a major risk factor for death, CVE, and vascular calcification among
patients with and without kidney disease. Even serum phosphate levels within the “normal …

Patients with CKD often progress to ESRD and develop cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet
available therapies only modestly improve clinical outcomes. Observational studies report …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with excess cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality compared to the general population. Hyperphosphataemia, associated with …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by high cardiovascular morbidity/mortality,
which is linked in part to vascular calcification (VC) and endothelial dysfunction (ED) …