B cells are essential for humoral immunity, but the role that they have in regulating CD4+ T
cell responses remains controversial. However, new data showing that the transient …

Recent experiments have revealed that B cells can regulate the course of immune
responses to pathogens and autoantigens by antibody-independent mechanisms. One …

In this review, we describe the non‐antibody‐mediated functions of B cells within the
immune system. In addition to antibody production, B cells also present antigen to T cells …

The successful use of B cell depletion therapy for the treatment of autoimmune disease has
led to a resurgent appreciation of B cells as powerful regulators of immunity. However, to the …

B cells are classically considered solely as antibody-producing cells driving humoral
immune responses to foreign antigens in infections and vaccinations as well as self …

Highlights•Unique developmental paths generate self-reactive B-1 constraint in BCR
responses.•Extensive repertoire shaping of B-1 cells for months after birth.•Accumulating …

Over the past decade, a growing recognition of the importance of neutralizing antibodies in
host defense combined with the success of B‐cell depletion therapies in treating auto …

Cytokine production by B cells is important for multiple aspects of immunity. B cell-derived
cytokines, including lymphotoxin, are essential for the ontogenesis, homeostasis and …

Although classically B cells are known to play important roles in immune protection via
humoral immunity, recently their regulatory mechanisms have been best appreciated in the …

B cells positively regulate immune responses through antibody production and optimal
CD4+ T‐cell activation. However, a specific and functionally important subset of B cells can …