The baseline composition of T cells directly affects later response to pathogens, but the
complexity of precursor states remains poorly defined. Here, we examined the baseline state …

Cross-reactive CD4+ T cells that recognize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) are more commonly detected in the peripheral blood of unexposed …

Emerging data indicate that SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells targeting different viral
proteins are detectable in up to 70% of convalescent individuals,,,–. However, very little …

SARS-CoV-2 has been identified as the causative agent of a global outbreak of respiratory
tract disease (COVID-19). In some patients, the infection results in moderate to severe acute …

T-cell-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides in individuals unexposed to
SARS-CoV-2 has been previously reported. This pre-existing immunity was suggested to …

Summary SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells will likely prove critical for long-term immune
protection against COVID-19. Here, we systematically mapped the functional and …

Understanding the hallmarks of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for fighting
the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed antibody and T cell reactivity in convalescent COVID …

Many unknowns exist about human immune responses to the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. SARS-CoV-2–reactive CD4+ T cells have …

Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells have been identified in SARS-CoV-2-unexposed
individuals, potentially modulating COVID-19 and vaccination outcomes. Here, we provide …

BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported T cell immunity to the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in unexposed donors, possibly due to …