The immune system plays a major role in human health and disease, and understanding
genetic causes of interindividual variability of immune responses is vital. Here, we isolate …

INTRODUCTION Even with intimate exposure to a virus, some people fail to become
infected. Variable transmission partly depends on the dose and duration of exposure but is …

The increase of allergic diseases in the industrialized world has often been explained by a
decline in infections during childhood. The immunological explanation has been put into the …

New technologies have widened our view of'complex diseases': those with both genetic and
environmental risk factors. In this Review, we explore recent genetic and virological …

The key problem in human infectious diseases was posed at the turn of the 20th century:
their pathogenesis. For almost any given virus, bacterium, fungus, or parasite, life …

The vertebrate body is an ideal breeding ground for viruses and provides the conditions that
promote their growth, survival, and transmission. The immune system evolved and deals …

Based on the highly successful reference work Viral Pathogenesis published in 1997, this
concise, economical version can be used both as an introductory text or for self-education by …

Many viruses infect humans and most are controlled satisfactorily by the immune system
with limited damage to host tissues. Some viruses, however, do cause overt damage to the …

Oligonucleotide and complementary DNA microarrays are being used to subclassify
histologically similar tumours, monitor disease progress, and individualize treatment …

Background Vaccines have provided some of the greatest successes in the history of
medicine, including the eradication of smallpox, the near eradication of polio, and the …