As regulatory initiatives increasingly call for an understanding of the cumulative risks from
chemical mixtures, evaluating exposure data from large biomonitoring programs, which may …

Phthalates are used in a wide range of consumer goods, resulting in exposures to specific
phthalates that vary over time in accordance with changes in product use and how …

Abstract The Maximum Cumulative Ratio (MCR) quantifies the degree to which a single
chemical drives the cumulative risk of an individual exposed to multiple chemicals …

Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Because of potential
adverse effects on human health, butylbenzyl phthalate [BBzP; metabolite, monobenzyl …

Population-based estimates of environmental exposures using biomarkers can be difficult to
obtain for a variety of reasons, including problems with limits of detection, undersampling of …

The use of human biomonitoring data to characterize exposure to environmental
contaminants in epidemiology studies has expanded greatly in recent years. Substantial …

The probability of nonoccupational exposure to phthalates is high given their use in a vast
range of consumables, including personal care products (eg, perfumes, lotions, cosmetics) …

Phthalate use and the concentrations of their metabolites in humans vary by geographic
region, race, ethnicity, sex, product use and other factors. Exposure during pregnancy may …

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review exposure assessment issues that need to be
addressed in designing and interpreting epidemiology studies of phthalates, a class of …

As mentioned in Chapter 1, phthalates 1 are chemicals used as plasticizers in polymers to
impart flexibility and durability to a multitude of everyday products and for their solvent …