Background: Disinhibition of neurons in the superficial spinal dorsal horn, via microglia–
neuron signaling leading to disruption of chloride homeostasis, is a potential cellular …

Adequate pain sensitivity requires a delicate balance between excitation and inhibition in
the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. This balance is severely impaired in neuropathy leading …

Potentially noxious stimuli are sensed by specialized nerve cells named nociceptors, which
convey nociceptive signals from peripheral tissues to the central nervous system. The spinal …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the actions of neurotransmitters,
neuromodulators, glial activation products, nitric oxide, and inflammatory mediators that are …

Long-term potentiation (LTP) in nociceptive spinal pathways shares several features with
hyperalgesia and has been proposed to be a cellular mechanism of pain amplification in …

Neuropathic pain is characterized by mechanical allodynia induced by low-threshold
myelinated Aβ-fiber activation. The original gate theory of pain proposes that inhibitory …

Nociceptive inputs from primary afferents are primarily mediated at fast glutamatergic
synapses onto second order neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord through activation …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in
neuropathic and ischemic pain syndromes. SCS has long been utilized for neuropathic pain …

Neuropathic pain developing after peripheral or central nerve injury is the result of
pathological changes generated through complex mechanisms. Disruption in the …

The spinal cord is the first relay site in the transmission of nociceptive information from the
periphery to the brain. Sensory signals are transmitted from the periphery by primary afferent …