The visual displays of animals and plants are often colourful, and colour vision allows
animals to respond to these signals as they forage for food, choose mates and so-forth. This …

Butterflies rely extensively on colour vision to adapt to the natural world. Most species
express a broad range of colour-sensitive Rhodopsin proteins in three types of ommatidia …

This review covers recent findings concerning the specification of the photoreceptor
subtypes in the Drosophila eye. Particular attention is paid to aspects of retinal patterning …

For efficient coding, sensory systems need to adapt to the distribution of signals to which
they are exposed. In vision, natural scenes above and below the horizon differ in the …

Animal color pattern phenotypes evolve rapidly. What influences their evolution? Because
color patterns are used in communication, selection for signal efficacy, relative to the …

The evolutionary relationship between signals and animal senses has broad significance,
with potential consequences for speciation, and for the efficacy and honesty of biological …

Independent evolution has resulted in a vast diversity of eyes. Despite the lack of a common
Bauplan or ancestral structure, similar developmental strategies are used. For instance …

Most of our current understanding on colour discrimination by animal observers is built on
models. These typically set strict limits on the capacity of an animal to discriminate between …

Color is a key feature of natural environments that higher mammals routinely use to detect
food, avoid predators, and interpret social signals. The distribution of color signals in natural …

The ability to sense and to react to environmental stimuli is crucial for the survival of any
organism. The primary event in sensory information processing is the transduction of …