Abstract Background KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province in South Africa has the highest HIV
disease burden in the country, with an estimated population prevalence of 24.7%. A pilot …

Objective To determine the frequency and patterns of acquired antiretroviral drug resistance
in a rural primary health care programme in South Africa. Design Cross-sectional study …

Background Understanding factors driving virological failure, including the contribution of
HIV drug resistance mutations (DRM), is critical to ensuring HIV treatment remains effective …

Objectives: To assess viral suppression rates, to assess prevalence of acquired HIV drug
resistance and to characterize the spectrum of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations (HIV-DRM) …

Background The ongoing scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa has
prompted the interest in surveillance of transmitted and acquired HIV drug resistance …

Background Emerging HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) could jeopardize the success of
standardized HIV management protocols in resource-limited settings. We characterized …

Background WHO revised their HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) monitoring strategy in 2014,
enabling countries to generate nationally representative HIVDR prevalence estimates from …

Background Limited HIV-1 drug-resistance surveillance has been carried out in Ghana since
the implementation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study sought to provide data on the …

Introduction: Monitoring resistance to first line Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial in
preventing accumulation of viral mutations following the implementation of the World Health …

Objectives We implemented the WHO cross-sectional survey protocol to determine rates of
HIV viral load (VL) suppression (VLS), and weighted prevalence, predictors and patterns of …