Sex differences exist in brain function and behavior. However, the underlying molecular
mechanisms are only beginning to emerge. Recent studies in rodents have revealed …

In this chapter, we review differential molecular mechanisms in memory formation in female
and male animals. Whereas delineating the receptors, intracellular signaling cascades …

Sex differences in the function of the hippocampus have been observed in numerous
mammalian species. However, the magnitude, extent, and specificity of these differences are …

Females have historically been disregarded in memory research, including the thousands of
studies examining roles for the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and amygdala in …

In essentially every domain of neuroscience, the generally implicit assumption that few, if
any, meaningful differences exist between male and female brain function is being …

Sex differences are found across brain regions, behaviors, and brain diseases. Sexual
differentiation of the brain is initiated prenatally but it continues throughout life, as a result of …

Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System offers a comprehensive examination of the
current state of sex differences research, from both the basic science and clinical research …

Neurogenesis within the adult hippocampus is modulated by endogenous and exogenous
factors. Here, we review the role of sex hormones in the regulation of adult hippocampal …

Biological differences between males and females are found at multiple levels. However,
females have too often been under-represented in behavioral neuroscience research, which …

Throughout development, numerous biological events occur that differentially affect males
and females. Specifically, sex-determining genes that are triggered by the sex-chromosome …