Background: The heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) are known to be
widespread environmental contaminants and high occupational exposure adversely affects …

Objective: To analyze the association of the cadmium internal exposure with chronic kidney
disease (CKD) in Chinese adults aged 18 and older. Methods: A total of 9 821 adults aged …

Background The associations between cadmium exposure and chronic kidney disease have
rarely been reported in longitudinal studies. In this study, we investigated the associations …

Low-level cadmium exposure has adverse effects on chronic kidney disease (CKD);
however, the risk factors for elevated blood cadmium levels (BCLs) have not been studied in …

Background Environmental factors have been associated with the outbreak of chronic
kidney disease (CKD). We evaluated the association of Cadmium (Cd) exposure with the …

Background Exposure to heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, and lead) has been linked with
adverse health outcomes, especially their nephrotoxic effects at high levels of exposure. We …

Background Several observational studies investigated the relationship between
environmental cadmium exposure and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However …

The kidney is widely regarded as the critical organ for cadmium toxicity, however,
considerable uncertainty remains regarding the clinical significance of the renal effects of …

The frequently observed association between kidney toxicity and long-term cadmium (Cd)
exposure has long been dismissed and deemed not to be of clinical relevance. However, Cd …

Background: Cadmium is a nephrotoxicant at high exposure levels. Few studies have
evaluated the role of cadmium in kidney function at low-exposure levels. Objective: We …