Calmodulin (CaM), a small acidic protein, is one of the best characterised Ca2+ sensors in
eukaryotes. This Ca2+‐regulated protein plays a critical role in decoding and transducing …

Plant calmodulins (CaMs) and calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are important plant Ca2+-
binding proteins that sense and decode changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration …

Plants exhibit diverse mechanisms to combat an array of environmental stress factors. These
comprise intricate but well-regulated signaling pathways. Cytosolic free calcium (Ca+ 2) is …

Intracellular changes in calcium ions (Ca2+) in response to different biotic and abiotic stimuli
are detected by various sensor proteins in the plant cell. Calmodulin (CaM) is one of the …

Plants have evolved several mechanisms for sensing routine and abrupt climatic changes
that occur during distinct stages of life cycle. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production …

The response of plants to different environmental cues is mediated through various
secondary messengers. Calmodulin (CaM) is one of the most extensively studied sensors of …

The complexity of Ca2+ patterns observed in eukaryotic cells, including plants, has led to the
hypothesis that specific patterns of Ca2+ propagation, termed Ca2+ signatures, encode …

Calmodulin (CaM) is a primary calcium sensor in all eukaryotes. It binds calcium and
regulates the activity of a wide range of effector proteins in response to calcium signals. The …

Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) represent a large family of plant calcium sensor proteins
involved in the regulation of plant responses to environmental cues and developmental …

Eukaryotic cells use calcium ions (Ca2+) as second messengers, particularly in response to
abiotic and biotic stresses. These signals are detected by Ca2+ sensor proteins, such as …