Red spruce (Picea rubens) is a long-lived tree species that thrives in cool, moist environs. Its
ability to adapt to rapidly changing climate is uncertain. In the southern Appalachian …

Common garden experiments in widely distributed tree species have demonstrated that
phenotypic traits timing of bud set exhibit clinal variation across provenance climatic and …

We investigated adaptation to climate in populations of two widespread tree species across
a range of contrasting environments in western Canada. In a series of common garden …

Interior spruce is a hybrid species complex composed of white spruce, Engelmann spruce,
and their hybrids, distributed across a wide area in western Canada. In both interior spruce …

Hybrid zones contain extensive standing genetic variation that facilitates rapid responses to
selection. The Picea glauca× Picea engelmannii hybrid zone in western Canada is the focus …

Key message Black spruce ecotypes exhibit temperature-adapted bud burst, while bud set is
independent of temperature. Warmer conditions could advance bud burst, but no direct …

This thesis investigates genetic variation of two commercially important conifers in western
Canada, interior spruce and lodgepole pine. The goals were to quantify genetic diversity …

Climate change is rapidly altering weather patterns, resulting in shifts in climatic zones. The
survival of trees in specific locations depends on their functional traits. Local populations …

Background and Aims Allowing for dispersal limitation, a species' geographic distribution
should reflect its environmental requirements. Comparisons among closely related species …

Genetic differentiation among white spruce populations in Alberta, Canada, was studied
using time series data of height and diameter and a climatic index developed by principal …