Introduction: Cells of the innate immune system particularly monocytes and macrophages
have been recognized as pivotal players both during the initial insult as well as the chronic …

The heart is dependent on ATP production in mitochondria, which is closely associated with
cardiovascular disease because of the oxidative stress produced by mitochondria …

As a major type of immune cells with heterogeneity and plasticity, macrophages are
classically divided into inflammatory (M1) and alternative/anti-inflammatory (M2) types and …

Rationale: Aging is one of the strongest risk factors for atherosclerosis. Yet whether aging
increases the risk of atherosclerosis independently of chronic hyperlipidemia is not known …

Significance: The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in angiotensin II (AngII) induced
endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular and renal remodeling, inflammation, and fibrosis has …

Mitochondria are signaling hubs in cellular physiology that play a role in inflammatory
diseases. We found that partial inhibition of the mitochondrial ATP synthase in the intestine …

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects different arteries
in the human body and often leads to severe neurological complications, such as stroke and …

Functional and structural changes in mitochondria are caused by the opening of the
mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) and by the mitochondrial generation of …

Mitochondria are traditionally known as the energy generating centers of cells. Electron flux
through the mitochondrial respiratory chain, an organized sequence of complex enzymes …

Aims: Increased oxidative stress and vascular inflammation are implicated in increased
cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence with age. We and others demonstrated that NOX1/2 …