Although pharmacological treatment of COPD is codified in different guidelines and strategy
documents, there is abundant evidence of discrepancy between what they suggest and what …

Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines recommend
reserving triple therapy of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) and …

Pharmacological medications used for the treatment of COPD patients have increased
significantly. Long-acting bronchodilators have been recognized as the mainstay of the …

Rationale: There is uncertainty on the use of using triple therapy (inhaled
corticosteroids/long-acting β-agonist/long-acting muscarinic antagonist) inhaler therapy for …

Triple therapy for COPD consists of a long-acting anti-cholinergic bronchodilator, a long-
acting beta-agonist bronchodilator, and an inhaled corticosteroid. Guidelines from the …

Background No observational studies have evaluated the “real-world” effectiveness of dual
bronchodilation comprising a long-acting β2-agonist plus a long-acting muscarinic …

Objective The combination of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting
β2-agonist (LABA) in a single inhaler is a viable treatment option for patients with chronic …

COPD is a heterogenous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and
progressive respiratory symptoms. It is currently the third leading cause of death and leads …

Guidelines are mainly based on evidence of well-designed randomized controlled trials
(RCTs), but there are limitations to the transferability of conclusions of RCTs to usual care …

Rationale: Symptom relief is a key treatment goal in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are limited data available on the response to …