Toll-like receptors (TLR) are critical in the activation of macrophages by bacterial products. It
has been shown that TLR2 and TLR4 mediate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoproteins …

Toll-like receptor (TLR) family are receptors for extracellular or intracellular signaling, such
as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. TLR induces the …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of mammalian homologues of Drosophila Toll and
play important roles in host defense. Two of the TLRs, TLR2 and TLR4, mediate the …

Little has been known about Tlr13 (Toll-like receptor 13), a novel member of the Toll-like
receptor family. To elucidate the molecular basis of murine Tlr13 gene expression, the …

Toll‐like receptors (TLR) are sentinel receptors capable of recognizing pathogen‐
associated molecule patterns (PAMP) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CpG …

TLRs are central components of the innate immune system which, upon recognition of
bacterial, fungal or viral components, activate intracellular signals that lead to protective …

Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 are members of the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) family
and transduce similar signals as IL-1R in response to bacteria and bacterial components. In …

Abstract Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is involved in the innate immunity by recognizing various
bacterial components. We have previously reported that TLR2 gene expression is rapidly …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the initiation of innate responses following
microbial infection and also in adaptive immune responses by orchestrating the activation of …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of proteins playing important roles in host defense.
Mice defective of functional TLR4 are hyporesponsive to LPS, suggesting that TLR4 is …