Low lopinavir plasma or hair concentrations explain second-line protease inhibitor failures in a resource-limited setting

GU Van Zyl, TE Van Mens, H McIlleron… - JAIDS Journal of …, 2011 - journals.lww.com
Background: In resource-limited settings, many patients, with no prior protease inhibitor (PI)
treatment on a second-line, high genetic barrier, ritonavir-boosted PI-containing regimen …

Virological, intracellular and plasma pharmacological parameters predicting response to lopinavir/ritonavir (KALEPHAR study)

D Breilh, I Pellegrin, A Rouzés, K Berthoin, F Xuereb… - Aids, 2004 - journals.lww.com
Objectives: To assess the impact of HIV-1 protease mutations and intracellular and plasma
lopinavir minimum concentrations (C min) on virological success or failure on …

Virological and pharmacological parameters predicting the response to lopinavir-ritonavir in heavily protease inhibitor-experienced patients

AG Marcelin, I Cohen-Codar, MS King… - Antimicrobial agents …, 2005 - Am Soc Microbiol
The genotypic inhibitory quotient (GIQ) has been proposed as a way to integrate drug
exposure and genotypic resistance to protease inhibitors and can be useful to enhance the …

Prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance in patients who are not responding to protease inhibitor–based treatment: results from the first national survey in South …

K Steegen, M Bronze… - The Journal of …, 2016 - academic.oup.com
Limited data exist on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) resistance in patients
who are not responding to protease inhibitor (PI)–based regimens in resource-limited …

Protease inhibitor resistance is uncommon in HIV‐1 subtype C infected patients on failing second‐line lopinavir/r‐containing antiretroviral therapy in South Africa

CL Wallis, JW Mellors, WDF Venter… - AIDS research and …, 2011 - Wiley Online Library
Limited data exist on HIV‐1 drug resistance patterns in South Africa following second‐line
protease‐inhibitor containing regimen failure. This study examined drug resistance patterns …

Virologic failure of protease inhibitor-based second-line antiretroviral therapy without resistance in a large HIV treatment program in South Africa

JH Levison, C Orrell, S Gallien, DR Kuritzkes, N Fu… - PloS one, 2012 - journals.plos.org
Background We investigated the prevalence of wild-type virus (no major drug resistance)
and drug resistance mutations at second-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) failure in a large …

Accumulation of protease mutations among patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy and response to salvage therapy in Nigeria

HE Rawizza, B Chaplin, ST Meloni, KM Darin… - PloS one, 2013 - journals.plos.org
Background To date, antiretroviral therapy (ART) guidelines and programs in resource-
limited settings (RLS) have focused on 1st-and 2nd-line (2 L) therapy. As programs …

Selection of resistance in protease inhibitor-experienced, human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected subjects failing lopinavir-and ritonavir-based therapy …

H Mo, MS King, K King, A Molla, S Brun… - Journal of …, 2005 - Am Soc Microbiol
The selection of in vivo resistance to lopinavir was characterized by analyzing the
longitudinal isolates from 54 protease inhibitor-experienced subjects who either …

Virological success of lopinavir/ritonavir salvage regimen is affected by an increasing number of lopinavir/ritonavir-related mutations

M Bongiovanni, T Bini, F Adorni, P Meraviglia… - Antiviral …, 2003 - journals.sagepub.com
We evaluated the virological outcome of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) in 224 HIV-1-infected
and protease inhibitor (PI)-experienced patients showing virological failure to a highly active …

Outcome of a second-line protease inhibitor-containing regimen in patients failing or intolerant of a first highly active antiretroviral therapy

T Bini, L Testa, E Chiesa, F Adorni, C Abeli… - JAIDS Journal of …, 2000 - journals.lww.com
The outcome of second-line protease inhibitor (PI)-containing highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART) was investigated in 263 patients who were failed by (n= 148) or intolerant …