Some psychoactive drugs are abused because of their ability to act as reinforcers. As a
consequence behavioural patterns (such as drug‐seeking/drug‐taking behaviours) are …

Cues in the environment associated with drug use draw the attention of addicts, elicit
approach, and motivate drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior, making abstinence difficult …

Decision making in a social group has two distinguishing features. First, humans and other
animals routinely alter their behavior in response to changes in their physical and social …

Psychedelics are a broad class of drugs defined by their ability to induce an altered state of
consciousness,. These drugs have been used for millennia in both spiritual and medicinal …

Abstract Background The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) recently released a
Request for Information (RFI) soliciting comments on nonhuman animal models of …

Social interactions provide agents with the opportunity to earn higher benefits than when
acting alone and contribute to evolutionary stable strategies. A basic requirement for …

Animals often are prosocial, displaying behaviors that result in a benefit to one another [1–
15] even in the absence of self-benefit [16–21](but see [22–25]). Several factors have been …

Social rewards are fundamental to survival and overall health. Several studies suggest that
adequate social stimuli during early life are critical for developing appropriate …

Female rats exhibit greater intake and motivation to self-administer cocaine. In females but
not males, isolation by itself is a stressor, which could lead to increased drug intake …

The rewarding properties of social interactions play a critical role in the development and
maintenance of social relationships, and deficits in social reward are associated with various …