Breast surgeons are well poised to promote evidence-based recommendations for lactation-
related breast disorders and clarify existing misconceptions in traditional care. Surgeons can …

Despite the known benefits of breastfeeding for both infant and mother, clinical support for
problems such as benign inflammation of the lactating breast remain a research frontier …

Pregnancy and lactation are associated with significant changes to the breast tissue as a
result of stimulation from high levels of estrogen and progesterone. The changes in breast …

Following childbirth, mothers and neonates should remain together, skin to skin, to allow the
process of breastfeeding to begin. Lactation and breastfeeding difficulties manifest in many …

This chapter deals with specific breast problems and identifies how health professionals can
help: nipple variations (inverted or flat nipples, absence of nipple pore openings and large …

Breast infection can be a pathologically based negative influence on breast feeding. There
are basically five types of lactational mastitis: subclinical mastitis, acute puerperal mastitis …

Lactation and breastfeeding are core components of reproductive health care and
obstetrical providers should be familiar with common complications that may arise in …

Nipple soreness and nipple trauma have long been associated with breastfeeding, and
persist despite the many clinical advancements in the field of lactation. Management of …

During pregnancy and lactation, breast vascularity increases and edema occurs in the
breast. As a consequence, rate of complications of breast biopsy and surgery like bleeding …

The breast is a complex organ with growth, evolution and regression over life. Its functional
capacity changes dramatically through pregnancy and lactation. Of the numerous conditions …