That glutamate increases in the extracellular space of the brain during hypoxia or ischemia
and that this amino acid, in high enough concentrations, kills neurons has led investigators …

Identifying the factors responsible for the exquisite sensitivity of the brain to anoxia and
ischemia has been very difficult with currently available preparations. During the past three …

HUANG, R., E. SOCHOCHKA AND L. HERTZ. Cell culture studies of the role of elevated
extracellular glutamate and K+ in neuronal cell death during and after anoxia/ischemia …

The neurotoxicity of glutamate and hypoxia was investigated in vitro on hippocampal
neurons, which were obtained from 18-day-old rat fetuses and were maintained for 3 days in …

The human brain depends on its blood supply for a continuous supply of oxygen and
glucose. Irreversible brain damage occurs if blood flow is reduced below about 10 ml/100 g …

In addition to its role as the major excitatory neurotransmitter, L-glutamate may have a toxic
effect on neurons (Olney et al. 1971). This neurotoxic action depends on a multiplicity of …

Cell cultures are useful tools to study the mechanisms involved in cell death following
hypoxia or ischemia. By manipulating the extracellular environment, conditions that closely …

Hypoxic neuronal injury (HNI) in cortical cell cultures was enhanced in a concentration-
dependent fashion by the presence of 500 μM to 2 mM (EC 50 about 500 μM) glutamine in …

In vitro models of hypoxic/hypoglycemic injury reveal common mechanisms with glutamate
excitotoxicity, but glutamate-induced toxicity in the absence of oxygen has never been …

During brain ischemia in vivo the extracellular concentration of the excitotoxic amino acid,
glutamate, increases. This increase could be caused either by an enhanced formation rate …