HTP groups (p< 0.01; Figure 1B) and returned to baseline after 45 minutes. The four groups
differed significantly from each other within the two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and …

Background and aims Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are novel alternative tobacco
products being promoted as an alternative to cigarettes. To evaluate the impact of HTP use …

Tobacco cigarette smoking increases arterial stiffness and blood pressure (BP), which are
independent predictors of cardiovascular risk. 1, 2 Heat-not-burn cigarette (HNBC) products …

Aims One of the most important mechanisms by which smoking contributes to cardiovascular
disease is endothelial dysfunction, including arterial stiffness. However, the effects of …

Objectives. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an indicator of arterial stiffness, especially in the
aorta, and a marker for vascular damage. Smoking is reported to increase arterial stiffness …

Smoking is associated with increased arterial stiffness. However, the impact of smoking
cessation on arterial stiffness remains unknown. We investigated the effect of smoking …

In non-smokers, passive heat stress increases shear stress and vasodilation, decreasing
arterial stiffness. Smokers, who reportedly have arterial dysfunction, may have similar …

Background: Despite a decline in cigarette smoking, cigar smoking is increasing, partly due
to the perception that it is a “safe” alternative to cigarettes. However, cigar smoking …

Aims Cardiovascular disease caused by smoking is related to the pathophysiological
burden placed on the vascular endothelium. We studied the effect of chronic cigarette …

Objective: Smoking is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor closely related to arterial
stiffness (AS). However, data are lacking regarding the chronic effects of smoking on AS …