We present a rare case associating inferior vena cava's (IVC) complex variations.
Anatomical, embryological and clinical aspects are discussed. Duplication's discovery was …

Agenesis of one or more segments and duplication of the infrarenal segment are,
individually, rare abdominal variants of the inferior vena cava (IVC). In this article, the …

A case of a double inferior vena cava (IVC) with retroaortic left renal vein, azygos
continuation of the IVC, and presence of the hepatic portion of the IVC drained into the right …

Introduction Inferior vena cava (IVC) anomalies rarely occur in the population, although the
double vena cava presented is the most common among them. Typically, the posterior …

Duplication of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is only rarely reported and often detected as an
incidental finding (0.5-3%). In our patient, the anomolous vessel is the continuation of left …

Background: Developmental anomalies of Inferior vena cava (IVC) are infrequent. The Most
common anomaly of IVC is double IVC. Double IVC are usually asymptomatic and are …

Key Clinical Message Because of the complex embryonic origin of the abdominal venous
structures, IVC and azygous systems can show numerous and even previously unreported …

We report a case of interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos/hemiazygos
continuation and additional variations of the renal veins, an uncommon developmental …

Duplication of the inferior vena cava is a rare malformation, normally without clinical impact,
explained by abnormal development and regression of certain segments of the venous …

Objectives: Congenital anomalies of the IVC are extremely rare (0.2-0.3%). Most are
asymptomatic, being diagnosed incidentally, but can occasionally cause venous …