RNA-guided DNA endonucleases derived from CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems are
widely used as powerful genome-engineering tools. Among the diverse CRISPR-Cas …

CRISPR from Prevotella and Francisella 1 (Cpf1) is an effector endonuclease of the class 2
CRISPR–Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–CRISPR …

Abstract Bacterial type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems have been widely adapted for RNA-guided
genome editing and transcription regulation in eukaryotic cells, yet their in vivo target …

Programmable gene activation enables fine‐tuned regulation of endogenous and synthetic
gene circuits to control cellular behavior. While CRISPR‐Cas‐mediated gene activation has …

ABSTRACT CRISPR‐Cas systems have rapidly transitioned from intriguing prokaryotic
defense systems to powerful and versatile biomolecular tools. This article reviews how these …

CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-
associated) systems are widespread in archaea and bacteria, and research on their …

BACKGROUND Prokaryotes have evolved multiple systems to combat invaders such as
viruses and plasmids. Examples of such defense systems include receptor masking …

SnapShot: Class 1 CRISPR-Cas Systems Page 1 Classification Effector complexes Ancillary
proteins Type I Some III-B Type I and III Type I and III IC Generalized organization Adaptation …

The microbial adaptive immune system CRISPR mediates defense against foreign genetic
elements through two classes of RNA-guided nuclease effectors. Class 1 effectors utilize …

The clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein
Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes is an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease with widespread …