A list of treatments for cocaine-related disorders might include hot baths, saunas, meditation
and prayer, use of addicting narcotics, isolation and restraint, electric shock, and coffee …

BACKGROUND The defining behaviors in drug and substance abuse, those which we seek
to modify in treatment, involve the acquisition and ingestion of drugs. Drug use may be …

Traditionally, mental health workers are taught that for effective treatment to occur, clients
must become involved of their own free will and be “motivated to change” through their own …

Nine sources of coercion were examined: the client's employer, spouse, friends, relatives
and children, and the clients' concerns over health, finances, legal consequences and self …

Drug-abuse behavior may be maintained by reinforcement of the following types:(1) primary
positive;(2) primary negative (a) by termination of withdrawal;(b) by reducing attention to, or …

Those individuals most responsible for raising my consciousness about the phenomena of
co-dependency were members of AA who come to my office to share their lives. These …

We examine the complex relations among therapeutic alliance, adherence to Supportive-
Expressive Therapy (SET), therapist competence, and their interactions in predicting change …

LEGAL pressures currently account for between 40 and 70% of all referrals to community
alcohol and drug treatment programs (Collins and Allison 1983; Dunham and Mauss 1982; …

The current drug abuse treatment system has its roots in a number of initiatives closely
related to the criminal justice system (Maddux 1967; Maddux 1978). Specialized treatment …

Basic research in the neurosciences has led to a theory of opiate withdrawal involving
endogenous opioid peptides and hyperactive norepinephrine neurons. This theory predicts …