We evaluated the contribution of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and the events
upstream/downstream of p38 leading to dopaminergic neuronal death. We utilized MN9D …

Oxidative stress has been shown to mediate neuron damage in Parkinson's disease (PD). In
the present report, we intend to clarify the intracellular pathways mediating dopaminergic …

Oxidative stress is thought to contribute to dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson's disease
(PD). The neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which is easily oxidized to reactive …

Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by oxidative stress and genetic defects have been
implicated in the loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. However, the key …

Oxidative stress generated by dopamine (DA) oxidation could be one of the factors
underlying the selective vulnerability of nigral dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's …

Oxidative stress has been implicated as a key event in the degenerative process of
dopaminergic neurons; however, the cellular mechanisms underlying chronic oxidative …

Oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death have been implicated in the dopaminergic cell loss
that characterizes Parkinson's disease. While factors contributing to apoptotic cell death are …

In this study, we examined the possibility that MPTP and 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) act
on distinct cell death pathways in a murine dopaminergic neuronal cell line, MN9D. First, we …

Although the cause of neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD) is mainly unknown,
growing evidence suggests that both apoptotic and non-apoptotic death may occur in PD …

6-Hydroxydopamine is a neurotoxin commonly used to lesion dopaminergic pathways and
generate experimental models for Parkinson disease, however, the cellular mechanism of 6 …