When subjects become unconscious, there is a characteristic change in the way the cerebral
cortex responds to perturbations, as can be assessed using transcranial magnetic …

We recorded the electroencephalographic (EEG) responses evoked by transcranial
magnetic stimulation (TMS) during the first rapid eye movement (REM) sleep episode of the …

Sleep and anesthesia entail alterations in conscious experience. Conscious experience
may be absent (unconsciousness) or take the form of dreaming, a state in which sensory …

The neuronal connectivity patterns that differentiate consciousness from unconsciousness
remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that effective connectivity, as assessed …

Prolonged wakefulness is associated not only with obvious changes in the way we feel and
perform but also with well-known clinical effects, such as increased susceptibility to seizures …

During non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep (stage N3), when consciousness fades,
cortico-cortical interactions are impaired while neurons are still active and reactive. Why is …

Consciousness fades during deep nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep early in the night,
yet cortical neurons remain active, keep receiving sensory inputs, and can display patterns …

What are the neural correlates of consciousness? Studies that have addressed this question
in the past either compared neural activity during tasks in which subjects report perceiving a …

Consciousness never fades during waking. However, when awakened from sleep, we
sometimes recall dreams and sometimes recall no experiences. Traditionally, dreaming has …

Sleep offers a unique opportunity to relate changes in brain activity to changes in
consciousness. Indeed, if it were not for sleep, when consciousness fades in and out on a …