Fish live in continuous contact with various stressors and antigenic material present within
their environments. The impact of stressors associated with wastewater-exposed …

Aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to multiple environmental stressors working
cumulatively to alter ecosystems. Wastewater-dominated environments are often riddled by …

Multiple metabolic, immune and reproductive effects have been reported in fish residing in
effluent-impacted sites. Natural stressors such as parasites also have been shown to impact …

Urban and agricultural activities may introduce chemical stressors, including contaminants
of emerging concern (CECs) and current use pesticides (CUPs) into riverine systems. The …

The antidepressant venlafaxine is detected at parts per billion levels in tertiary-treated
municipal wastewater effluent. However, the impact of this serotonin–norepinephrine …

The objective of the study was to examine the impact of municipal wastewater effluents on
the functioning of the cortisol stress axis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Juvenile …

Municipal wastewater effluent (MWWE) and its constituents, such as chemicals of emerging
concern, pose a potential threat to the sustainability of fish populations by disrupting key …

Municipal wastewater effluents (MWWEs) represent one of the largest point sources of
contamination, but few studies have addressed the impact on fish populations. We tested the …

The magnitude of the corticosteroid response to a standardized stressor varied in proportion
to the concentration of effluent in three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) …

The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of chronic exposure to
municipal sewage treatment effluent at environmentally relevant concentrations on immune …