Factors that influence T cell responses, such as Ag load, APCs, costimulatory molecules,
and cytokines, dramatically change during the course of an immune response. We observed …

Following a primary immune response, a portion of effector T cells gives rise to long-lived
memory cells. Although primary expansion and differentiation of effector CD8 T cells is …

In response to infection, antigen‐specific CD8+ T cells undergo massive expansion in
numbers, acquire effector mechanisms, and disseminate throughout the body. The …

Inflammatory cytokines induced by infection or vaccination with adjuvant act directly or
indirectly on CD8 T cells to modulate their expansion, contraction, and acquisition of …

Many studies have examined pathways controlling effector T cell differentiation, but less is
known about the fate of individual CD8+ T cells during infection. Here, we examine the …

The extent to which the progeny of one primary memory CD8 T cell differs from the progeny
of one naive CD8 T cell of the same specificity remains an unresolved question. To explore …

The early events regulating antiviral CD4 responses were tracked using an adoptive transfer
model. CD4+ T cell expansion was nonlinear, with a lengthy lag phase followed by 2 days of …

We have investigated the contribution of CD4 T cells to the optimal priming of functionally
robust memory CD8 T cell subsets. Intranasal infection of CD4 T cell-deficient (CD4−/−) mice …

Professional APCs of hemopoietic-origin prime pathogen-specific naive CD8 T cells. The
primed CD8 T cells can encounter Ag on infected nonhemopoietic cell types. Whether these …

Abstract Naive Ag-specific CD8+ T cells expand, contract, and become memory cells after
infection and/or vaccination. Memory CD8+ T cells provide faster, more effective secondary …