During their development, B and T cells with self-reactive antigen receptors are generally
deleted from the repertoire to avoid autoimmune diseases. Paradoxically, innate-like B-1 …

B-1 cells differ from conventional B-2 cells both phenotypically and functionally. Two
seemingly mutually exclusive hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of B-1 …

A small subset of B cells, termed B-1 cells, with developmental origins, phenotypes, and
functions that are distinct from those of conventional B cells exist in mice. It contributes the …

Highlights•Unique developmental paths generate self-reactive B-1 constraint in BCR
responses.•Extensive repertoire shaping of B-1 cells for months after birth.•Accumulating …

B-1 (CD5+) B cells constitute a phenotypic and functionally distinct population of B cells in
mouse that show enriched expression of autoreactive B-cell antigen receptors and that …

Natural antibodies are produced at tightly regulated levels in the complete absence of
external antigenic stimulation. They provide immediate, early and broad protection against …

In contrast to the predominant population of B-2 B cells produced in the bone marrow, B-1 B
cells are a minor population of B lymphocytes that are found in multiple tissues, including the …

B cells play a variety of immunoregulatory roles through their antigen-presentation ability
and through cytokine and chemokine production. Innate immune activation of B cells may …

B cells are essential for the development and pathogenesis of both systemic and organ-
specific autoimmune diseases. Autoreactive B cells are typically thought of as sources of …

CD5+ B cells have attracted considerable interest because of their association with self-
reactivity, autoimmunity, and leukemia. In mice, CD5+ B cells are readily generated from …